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SEMANTIC TECHNOLOGY FOR
INTELLIGENCE, DEFENSE, AND SECURITY

Tuesday, October 26

09:20 - 10:00		Registration
10:30 - 05:00		Tutorial

Wednesday, October 27th

08:10 - 08:50		Registration and Breakfast
09:00 - 09:20		Welcome by the President of GMU
09:20 - 09:30		Administrative remarks
09:30 - 10:30		Keynote Address
		Pat Hayes - Ontology Languages: the Good, the Bad and the Ugly presentation (Bio)
10:30 - 11:00		Break
11:00 - 12:00		Poster Session
12:00 - 01:30		Lunch
01:30 - 03:00		Parallel Session
	Research Session 1 - Chair: Brian Ulicny
01:30 - 02:15		Maintaining Temporal Perspective paper        presentation	Ian Emmons and Douglas Reid Raytheon BBN Technologies
	Abstract We present methods for annotating data with the time when it was learned and for answering queries according to what was known at any point in time. Specifically, we present an RDF knowledge representation that associates facts with their time intervals of validity, and a query mechanism that transforms a time-agnostic SPARQL query and a point in time into a new, time-sensitive query. The transformed query yields the subset of the results of the original query that were valid at the indicated time. In addition, the methods presented here enable non-destructive merging of coreferences. These techniques apply broadly to storage and retrieval systems that require time-based versioning of data and are essential for maintaining temporal perspective in rapidly- evolving analytical environments.
02:15 - 03:00		Introducing Ontological Realism for Semi-Supervised Detection and Annotation of Operationally Significant Activity in Surveillance Videos paper        presentation	Werner Ceusters, Jason Corso, Yun Fu, Michalis Petropoulos, Venkat Krovi University at Buffalo
	Abstract As part of DARPA's Mind's Eye program, a video-analysis software platform able to detect operationally significant activity in videos is being developed. The goal is to describe such activity semi-automatically in terms of verb phrases mapped to a realism-based ontology that can be used to infer and even predict further activities that are not directly visible. We describe how Region Connection Calculus and its derivative, Motion Class Calculus, can be used together to link the spatiotemporal changes that pixel-aggregates undergo in video-displays to the corresponding changes of the objects in reality that were recorded and to linguistic descriptions thereof. We discuss how Ontological Realism can be used as a safeguard to drawing such correspondences naively.
	Applications Session 1 - Chair: Mary Parmelee
01:30 - 02:15		Reified Literals: A Best Practice Candidate Design Pattern for Increased Expressivity in the Intelligence Community paper        presentation	Eric Peterson Global Infotek, Inc.
	Abstract Reifying literals clearly increases expressivity. But reified literals appear to waste memory, slow queries, and complicate graph-based models. We show where this practice can be comparable to unreified literals in these respects and we characterize the cost where it is not. We offer examples of how reification allows literals to participate in a variety of relations enabling a marked increase in expressivity. We begin with a case study in reified person names, and then extend this analysis to reified dates and simple reified scalar values. We show benefits for name matching and temporal analysis such as would be of interest to the Intelligence Community (IC). We then show how these same sorts of analyses can drive or inform any decision as to whether to reify literals.
02:15 - 03:00		Using New Standards to Develop IC Ontologies paper        presentation	Richard Lee Booz Allen Hamilton
	Abstract In this paper we describe recent work in adapting various new OWL and ontology standards to ontology development for the IC and DoD. We present work done to adapt the Universal Core Semantic Layer (UCore SL) standard ontology to support intelligence analysts. We show how new features in the OWL 2 standard can be used to make such ontologies simpler and more readable, and how they facilitate modeling the relationships of concepts across models. We present a proposed standard security model using OWL 2. We conclude with planned future ontology development using these standards.
03:00 - 03:30		Break
03:30 - 05:00		Parallel Session
	Research Session 2 - Chair: Larry Kerschberg
03:30 - 04:15		Sample Ontological Constructs to Create Money Laundering Schemes paper        presentation	Murad Mehmet and Duminda Wijesekera George Mason University
	Abstract There is an increasing tendency in the money laundering sector to utilize electronic commerce and web services. Misuse of web services and electronic money transfers occurs at many points in complex trading schemes. We provide ontological components that can be combined to construct some of these money laundering schemes. These constructs can be helpful for investigators, in order to decompose suspected financial schemes and recognize financial misuses.
04:15 - 05:00		Enabling Rich Discovery of Web Services by Projecting Weak Semantics from Structural Specifications paper	Leo Obrst, Dru McCandless, Michael Bankston MITRE Corporation
	Abstract Although we would prefer using defined ontologies that express the domains and specifications of web services, and thus more easily discover and compose these, we know that in the mainstream world represented by the US Department of Defense we will not have those ontologies available soon. In the meantime we have to ensure a transition from structural to semantic methods, including web service discovery methods. In this paper, we are proposing a different approach for dynamic web service discovery that takes advantage of the structure inherent in web services that are defined by WSDL documents. Since the structure is usually based on XML Schema, there is enough information present in these documents to develop a broadly applicable approach. Furthermore, if a consistent and detailed naming convention of schema artifacts is followed, then discovery can be made more precise. This paper describes our approach for projecting weak semantics from structural information for discovery of web services.
	Applications Session 2 - Chair: Tim Darr
03:30 - 04:15		TIACRITIS System and Textbook: Learning Intelligence Analysis through Practice paper        presentation	Gheorghe Tecuci, Mihai Boicu, Dorin Marcu, David Schum, Learning Agents Center, George Mason University; Benjamin Hamilton Department of Defense
	Abstract This paper presents the TIACRITIS web agent and textbook for teaching intelligence analysts the critical thinking skills needed to perform evidence-based reasoning. They are based on a computational theory which views Intelligence Analysis as ceaseless discovery of evidence, hypotheses, and arguments, in a complex world that is changing all the time. TIACRITIS helps students learn about the properties, uses, and marshaling of evidence upon which all analyses rest, through regular practice involving analyses of evidence in both hypothetical and real situations.
04:15 - 05:00		Semantic Wiki for Visualization of Social Media Analysis paper        presentation	Daniel Reininger, David Ihrie, and Bob Bullard Semandex Networks, Inc.
	Abstract A semantic wiki provides visualization of social media analysis applicable to military Information Operations and law enforcement counter- terrorism efforts. Using inputs from disparate data sets, semantic software exports data to link analysis, geospatial displays, and temporal representation. Challenges encountered in software development include the balance between automated and human assisted entity extraction, interoperability with existing visualization systems and ontology management.
06:00		Social Event

Thursday, October 28

08:30 - 09:00		Breakfast
09:00 - 10:00		Keynote Address
		Dennis E. Wisnosky - Semantic Technology in the Department of Defense, Business Mission Area presentation Dennis Wisnosky, Business Mission Area Chief Architect and CTO of the Department of Defense, brings his expert guidance to the STIDS 2010 conference. Could semantic technologies, notably data constructed with RDF OWL, and capabilities delivered as services within a SOA be a new paradigm for business intelligence and business applications? Dennis will talk about the strategy, current initiatives and challenges related to the use of Semantic Technology in the DoD, and discuss the Departments early Proof of Delivery (PoD) projects designed to test the limits of both semantic technologies and the ability of the organization to use them effectively. (Bio)
10:00 - 10:30		Coffee Break
10:30 - 12:00		Parallel Session
	Research Session 3 - Chair: Richard Markeloff
10:30 - 11:15		Using Ontological Information to Enhance Responder Availability in Emergency Response paper        presentation	Paul Ngo and Duminda Wijesekera George Mason University
	Abstract Ensuring effective communications during emergencies is an important issue for any functional government. One way to address this issue is to ensure the availability of the key personnel capable of making the appropriate decisions and taking timely actions with sufficient resources. Many XML-based languages such as the Emergency Data Exchange Language (EDXL) and associated Common Alert Protocol (CAP) have been designed to provide a basis for such communications. To ensure that messages are delivered in a timely manner, we propose some role and task based ontological enhancements for these languages. We show by example how the ontological enhancements can be used to enhance availability of emergency personnel in case of a need.
11:15 - 12:00		Patient-Centric Secure-and-Privacy-Preserving Service-Oriented Architecture for Health Information Integration and Exchange paper        presentation	Mahmoud Awad and Larry Kerschberg George Mason University
	Abstract In this paper, we propose a secure and privacy-preserving Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) for health information integration and exchange in which patients are "part owners" of their medical records, have complete ownership of their integrated health information and decide when and how data is modified or exchanged between healthcare providers or insurance companies. This architecture is different from integrated Personal Health Record (PHR) such as Google Health and Microsoft HealthVault in that electronic health records are not stored in online databases but instead are aggregated on-demand using web service requests. Web service providers working on behalf of the patients do not keep copies of the complete EHR but instead provide a pass- through service, and would require PKI-based security certificates to initiate health information exchange.
	Applications Session 3 - Chair: Mike Dean
10:30 - 11:15		The Application of a Course-of-Action Ontology to Support OPFOR COA Selection and Assessment paper        presentation	Timothy Darr, Richard Mayer and Perakath Benjamin Knowledge-Based Systems, Inc.
	Abstract This paper describes the application of a course-of-action (COA) ontology to a demonstration scenario that the authors' company participated in that included a task to forecast the COAs to be executed by a simulated insurgent opposing force (OPFOR). The COA ontology includes standard decision-theoretic concepts to describe preference models from the perspective of an insurgent group for the purpose of predicting possible OPFOR COAs. The OPFOR preference structure is represented as a preference graph that visually displays the ranking of the COAs, from the perspective of the OPFOR decision maker, highlighting the most and least preferred COAs.
11:15 - 12:00		A Semantic Wiki Alerting Environment Incorporating Credibility and Reliability Evaluation paper        presentation	Brian Ulicny, Christopher J. Matheus, and Mieczyslaw M. Kokar VIStology, Inc. (all); Northeastern University (Kokar)
	Abstract In this paper, we describe a system that semantically annotates streams of reports about transnational criminal gangs in order to automatically produce models of the gangs' membership and activities in the form of a semantic wiki. A gang ontology and semantic inferencing are used to annotate the reports and supplement entity and relationship annotations based on the local document context. Reports in the datastream are annotated for reliability and credibility in the proof-of-concept system.
12:00 - 01:30		Lunch Break
01:30 - 03:00		Parallel Session
	Applications Session 4 - Chair: Ian Emmons
01:30 - 02:15		Collected Imagery Ontology: Semantics for Airborne Video paper        presentation	Alexander Mirzaoff Geospatial Systems ITT
	Abstract A prototype Video Imagery Ontology has been developed to derive video imagery intelligence, VideoIMINT. The ontology includes the development of classes and properties to address video image content, and video collection metadata related to platforms, sensors and collection operations. Preliminary feature extraction of video imagery content classes was functionally utilized to identify important video segments in an integrated viewer. Integrated data storage systems and fusion processes are proposed and discussed.
	Applications Session 5 - Chair: Duminda Wijesekera
01:30 - 02:15		Toward an Ontology Architecture for Cyber-Security Standards paper        presentation	Mary C. Parmelee MITRE Corporation
	Abstract The rapid growth in magnitude and complexity of cyber-security information and event management (CSIEM) has ignited a trend toward security automation and information exchange standards. Making Security Measurable (MSM) references a collection of open community standards for the common enumeration, expression and reporting of cyber-security-related information. While MSM-related standards are valuable for enabling security automation; insufficient vocabulary management and data interoperability methods as well as domain complexity that exceeds current representation capabilities impedes the adoption of these important standards. This paper describes an Agile, ontology architecture-based approach for improving the ability to represent, manage, and implement MSM-related standards. Initial cross-standard analysis revealed enough common concepts to warrant four ontologies that are reusable across standards. This reuse will simplify standards-based data interoperability. Further, early prototyping enabled us to streamline vocabulary management processes and demonstrate the ability to represent complex domain semantics in OWL ontologies.
02:15 - 02:45		Break
02:45 - 04:25		Plenary Session
	STIDS Panel - Chair: Leo Obrst
02:45 - 4:10		Semantic Technology: Ready for prime time?	Leo Obrst, Mike Dean, Paulo Costa, Terry Janssen, Katherine Goodier STIDS 2010 Panelists
	Abstract There is some controversy on whether Semantic Technologies are ready to be used in support for Intelligence, Defense, and Security applications. Each panelist will provide a brief account on the use of ST within his or her respective area, focusing on the following issues: Where is semantic technology now? Where does it have to go yet to be successful? and How to facilitate its adoption by the federal community represented by the domains of STIDS? After this brief account, the panelists will be answering questions from the audience.
04:10 - 04:25		STIDS 2011 Preview	Paulo Costa GMU - C4I Center
	Abstract This will be a brief plenary session in which the current status of STIDS 2011planing (e.g. dates, features, people, etc.) will be presented. Suggestions and ideas from the audience will be mostly welcomed.
04:25 - 04:30		Wrap Up

Friday, October 29th

08:30 - 05:00		Classified Workshop